Automatic machine for making tubular fabric.



L A. SUBEBS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAR FABRIC. APPLICATION FILED NOV. I4. 1910. RENEWEUMR. I0. 1913- 1,145,46. Patented July 6, 1915.

L. A. SUBERS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAR FABRIC. APPLICATION FILED Nov. I4, 1910. RENEwED MAR. I0, I9I3. 446.

L. A. SUBERS.

AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAK-ING TUBULAR FABRIC." APPLICATION FILED Nov. I4. IQIOA IIENEWED I IIAR. 10,1913.

Patented July 6, 1915.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

L. A. SUBERS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAB FABRIC. APPucATloN FILED Nov.14. 1910. RENEWED MAR. 10.1913.

Patented July 6, 1915.

I5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

IIIIIIII i@ mmww 4215/- I.. A. SUBEHS.

AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAR FABRIC.

APPLlcATIoN FILED Nov.14.1910. RENEwED MAR. 10.19l3.

Patented July 6, 1915.

I 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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I.. A. SUBERS. AIITGMATIC MACHINE FOB MAKING TUHH-LAR FABRIC.

APPLICATIONFILED NDV. I4. 19104 RENEWED MAR?. I0, ISIS.

Qmm .HQNLNI Sx L. A. SUBERS.

AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAR FABRIC.

APPucATloN HLED Nov.-14, 1910. RENEwED MAR. 10.1913.

1,145,446. Patented July 6, 1915.

I5 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

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I.. A. SUBERS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAR FABRIC. APPLICATION man Nov.14, 1910. RENEwED MAR. 10.1913.

Patented July 6, 1915.

I5 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

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AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAR FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I4, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 10.1913. 1,145,446. Patented July 6, 1915 I5 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

(E E4-T57 l ,Si Q E@ I.. A. SUBERS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBU APPLICATION FILED Nov. 14, 1910. IzENEwED LAR FABRIC.

MAR. 10,1913.

Patented July 6, 1915.

I5 SHEETS-SHEET I0.

L. A. SUBERS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAR FABRIC.

14,1910. RENEwED MAR. 10.1913.

Patented July 6, 1915.

I5 SHEETS-SHEET II.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.

v L. A. SUBERS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MA KING TUBULAH FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I4, 1910. RENEWED Ku. 1 9 1 6, 1N. u J m um 9 .Ina -D1 m m A M I5 SHEETS-SHEET I2 72T Q. Sap

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I.. A. SUBERS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAB FABRIC. APPLICATION FILED Nov. I4. I9I0. IIENIwED MAR. 10.1913. 1,145,446.

Patented July 6, 1915.

I5 SHEETS-SHEET I3.

L. A. SUBERS. Y AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBUL AR FABRIC.

. RENEWED MAR. 10.19I3.

APPLICATION FILED NOV I4 I9I0 1,145,446. Patented July 6, 1915.

I5 SHEETS-SHEET I4.

I.. A. SUBERS. AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBULAR FABRIC. APPLICATION FILED Nov. I4. 1910. IIENEwED MAR. Io. I9I3.

Patented July 6, 1915.

I5 SHEETS`SHEET I5.

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LAWRENCE A. SUBERS, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

`AU'lOMAJIG MACHINE FOR MAKING TUIBUIJAB. FABRIC.

Patented July 6, 1915.

Application filed November 14, 1910, Serial No. 592,313. Renewed March 10, I155%13. Serial No. 753,423.

'To all whom may concern Be it known that I, LAWRENCE A. SUBERs, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented :certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Machines for Making lTubular Fabric, of which l hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and-use the same.

The objects ofthe invention are to provide an automatically operating machine for manufacturing a laminated fabric composed of parallel equally spaced cords or bands of cords, or bands of other fabric, cohering in a binding material of adhesive vulcanizable substance such as india rubber or such other adhesive material as may be predetermined, in which a series of such bands or cords are wound upon a mandrel and alternate with series of similar crossing bands, wound at an angle thereto, and in which all subsequently wound bands are so interlaid or wound as to cover the spaces between the formerly laid parallel regularly spaced series of parallel bands. The fabric thus constructed is not woven, interlaid, in-

terlocked or braided in any manner and if it were not for the binding cohesive material or substance incorporated therewith would possess no cohesion, but all members would immediately fall apart. The device is also adapted to wind a. layer or layers of circumferentially or transversely wound bands or cords in connection with the aforesaid angularly laid bands for making fire hose, analogous tubing, belting and tubular fabrics constructed of laminated-cohesive-interwound members of varying limits of elasticity, as illustrated in my former Letters Patent for interlaid or wound fabric, No 1,024,915, issued April `30, 1912, and divi' sions thereof, and `is particularly and specifically described and claimed herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

ln this device a longitudinally movable sec- 'tional mandrel 'or preferably a series of joined mandrels is employed by means of the use of which a hose pipe or tube of approximately any length can be manufactured. The machine by vslight modifications in structure can be adapted to apply the binding of adhesivematerial vulcanizable or otherwise at the time of winding the bands or cords, or bands or cords frictioned or impregnated with the aforesaid material can be directly applied upon the mandrel or upon a coatingiiof rubber or other material thereon, and thus greatly simplify the mechanism of the machine.

. The invention comprises automatically acting mechanism for operating the machine and for propelling at a predetermined rate of speed the mandrel, which is preferably composed of a series of tubular sections of steel or,other suitable material detachably joined 'together end to end.

It also provides a suitable device for continuously treating the entire periphery of the mandrels with any suitable substance to prevent undue adhesion of the inner lining thereto.

It also includes automatically acting devices for applying the rubber lining to the mandrel in advance of the cord or band winding devices, means for forming the rubber or other lining about the mandrel Y 'they are to be previously coated, means for removing the strips of protecting fabric therefrom when thebands or cords are previously coated, means for rotating the rotatable reels, for alternately applying series of bands or cords to the mandrel in opposite directions at predetermined intervalsv and at previously determined rates of speed, means for applying the circumferentially or transversely wound bands of regularly spaced cords, -to the mandrel, or to previously wound layers of interwound bands, means forsupporting the mandrel at predetermined points 'to prevent sagging or irregular movement thereof.

It also provides the mechanism for automatically supplying the mandrels to the machine, and for automatically inserting each one` in succession in the open end of the mandrel last fed to the machine, and for alining them therein. This also includes suitable means for keeping the mandrels in parallel relation to each other and to the axis of the mandrel in the machine and in alinement witheach other, mechanism for releasing one mandrel'at a time `and'timing mechanism adapted to supply a fresh manmandrels.

drel at exactly the right moment, so as to prevent any gap occurring between the A further device is employed to rotate each mandrel in turn until the keyway therein registers with the key in the mandrel in front, so that all the mandrels.

will be perfectly alined with each other while the machine is operating.

It also comprises mechanism for cutting the fabric o'n the mandrel transversely in sections of predetermined length suitable for air brake hose or for other uses.

ying plug on lines -w It still further provides a device for cutting the fabric preferably horizontally upon the mandrel and may be used conjointly with or independently of the transverse cutter as desired. And it further comprises the combination of the various parts and construction of the details as hereinafter described, shown in the accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out 1n the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figurel isa plan View at a reduced scale of the machine; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof at a similar reduced scale; Fig. 3 is an enj .larged longitudinal section of one mandrel showing in dotted 'lines a portion of a second mandrel joined thereto; Figs. 3a and 3b are transverse sections of the mandrel and joinand y-y respectively; Fig. 4 is a similar view of the mandrel showing a finished piece of hose thereon readyfor vulcanizing; Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a portion of the mandrel showing the arrangement of the driving mechanism and the mandrel propelling device; Fig. 6 is an end elevation thereof; Fig. 6a is an end elevation of the bearing for the horizontal bevel gear shaft; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the belt shifting device; Fig. -8 is a transverse section of the main operating shaft, showing a hand operated screw for adjusting the friction pinion which drivesv the mandrel propelling mechanism; Fig. 9 is a plan view of the mandrel driving rollers; Fig. 10 is a transverse section of the mandrel showing the upper and lower supporting rollers; Fig. 11 is a side elevation thereof; Fig.v 12 is a. face view of one of the mandrel supporting ystands which are spacedat predetermined intervals in thermachine; Fig. 13 is a side elevation thereof andv of the device for applying soapstone or other suitable material to the mandrel in advance of the device for applying the rubber lining thereon; Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail showing one of the upper roller mandrel supports employed in the first three support brackets, and its detail structure; Fig. 15 is a longitudinal section of the screw threaded bushing in which the forked pin is shown in which the mandrel supporting roller is mounted; Fig. 16 is an elevation of a spring pressed roller fork employed to mandrel.

lining; Fig. 22

support underneath' theV All the roller supports on these brackets are shown adjustable vto allow for y different sizes of mandrels and to allow for the increase in diametery ofthe hose asthe 7( several layers or laminations are wound thereon; Fig. 17 is an end view of the mandrel, and a supporting bracket showing the mechanism for applying the rubber lining of calendered rubber or other lining material to the mandrel, the' removable rubber supply reel and the rollers Vwhich apply, stretch and seal the edges of the rubber over the mandrel, and also shows the reel upon which the projecting Holland cloth -is wound; Fig. 1S is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 19 is aY side elevation of the lower rub. ber applying roller; Fig. 20 is ay section of one of the side rollers; Fig. 21 is an edge elevation of the spring pressed roller which seals the overlapping edges of the rubber is a longitudinal section of the socket for the stem of this roller; Fig. 23 is a transverse section of the support for the roller which presses against a pulling drum and by means of which the Holland cloth and rubber are drawn from their reel and while doing so rotate the reel; Fig. 24 is a detail section of the reel upon which the Holland cloth is wound; Fig. 25 is a plan view of theguide rollers for the rubber lining and itsv protecting Holland cloth; Fig. 26 is an end elevation of one of the rotatable reels upon which are supported the spools on which the rubbered bands are stored and arranged in position for applying spaced series of bands to the mandrel, also showing the means for rotate ing the same; Fig. 27 is a vertical central section of the same; Fig. 28 is an end elevation of the rotatable support for applying rubbered bands or cords in spaced circumferential spirals to the rubber covered mandrel or to the fabric material that may have already been wound thereon; Fig. 29 is a vertical central section thereof; Fig. 30 is a detail viewl in section of. guide rollers for one of the bands; Fig. 31 is an enlarged face view of one of the spools onl which the rubbered bands of cords or threads or other material andjtheir covers of Holland cloth or non-adhesive material are wound and the guide rollers therefor; Fig. 32 is a transverse section thereof; Fig. 33 is a transverse section of an adjustable compression 12 guide roller support; Fig. 34 is a similar section of a fixed guide roller support; Fig.

35 is a face View of one o-f the reels for the thread tubes containing prepared cords or threads and of the guides which combine'125 them into bands and the devices which apd ply rubber or other give a yielding section of the same; Fig. -37 isan enlarged 130 section of a portion of the parts represented in Fig. 36; Fig. 38 is a plan vieW of one of the thread tube stems or spindles showing its means of attachment to the reel; Fig. 39 is a transverse section of the same; Fig. 40 is a plan vievv of one of the automatically closing gates for the rubber receptacles; Fig. y

41 is a vertical section of the same; Fig. 42 is a transverse section of the same on line z-z Fig. 40; Fig. 43 is a plan view of roller guides for the cords composing one band; Fig. 44 is a. side elevation thereof; Fig. 45 is a. plan vievs7 of a perforated guide plate for the cords or threads; Fig. 46 is an edge view thereof; Fig. 47 is an end elevation of an individual, reversible, adjustable friction drive mechanism adapted for use With all the reels; Fig. 48 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 49 is an end elevation of driving gears and support for the first reel; Fig. 50

is a side elevation of the same; Fig. 5l is an end elevation of the driving gearing and supports for the second and fourth reels; Fig. 52 is a. side elevation of the same; Fig. 53 is an end elevation of the driving gear and support for the third reels; Fig. 54 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 55 is an end elevation of the driving gea-rs and support for driving the reels 5 and 9 Which apply the circumferentially Wound bands, cords or threads; Fig. 56 is a front elevation of the same; Fig. 57 is a side elevation of the same; Fig. 58 is an end elevation of driving gears and support for gears 6 and 8; Fig. 59 is a side elevation of the same; Fig. 60 is a rear end elevation of the driving gears and support for reels 7 and 10; Fig. 61 is a front end elevation of the same; Fig. 62 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 63 is a plan view of the mandrel feeding device; Fig. 64 is an end elevation of the same showing the operating gearing; Fig. 65 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 66 is an elevation of the end opposite to the end shown in Fig. 64; Fig. 67 is a side elevation enlarged showing the carriage and plunger which propels and inserts the mandrels in turn; Fig. 68 is an end elevation thereof; Fig. 69 is an end elevation of the carriageshowing its support and the levers which operate holding pins for retaining `the mandrels and alternately releasing -them as they are needed in the machine; Fig. 7 0 is an end elevation of the opposite end thereof; Fig. 71 is a partial plan view of the end shown in Fig. 69, and also shovvs the carriage and cam lever which operates the retaining and releasing mechanism; Fig. 72 is a full end view of the f riction driven lever which operates the carriage actuation lever; Fig. 73 is a vertical section of the same; Fig. 74 is an end view of the end of the plunger Which is inserted in the hollow end of the mandrel; Fig. 75 is a side elevation of the curved blade Which rotates the mandrel upon its holding plunger until positive engagement is made with the alining key; Fig. 76 is an enlarged section on lines showing the relative positions of the blade which rotates the mandrel; Fig. 77 is a plan View of said blade and mandrel, taken at right angles to the axis; Fig. 77a is a longitudinal section through the bearing for the cam pin Which operates the blade that rolls the mandrel; Fig. 78 is an end elevation of the device for operating the cutter, which revolves about the mandrel; Fig. 79 is a vertical longitudinal central section thereof; Fig. 80 is a plan view of the roll and cam Which govern the moment at Which the cutter operates, and the duration of such movement; Fig. 81 is a sectional View of the cam Which throws the operation lever that carries the cutter into engagement with the fabric on the man drel;-

ranged to cut the fabric on a longitudinal p line; Fig. 84 is an end elevation thereof.

In Figs. l and 2 the general arrangement of the operating parts of the machine is shown in plan view and front elevation respectively. In these views and in Figs. 3, 3a, ab, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; 13, 14, 15, and 16 the mandrel and its supports and propelling means are clearly shown.

The object of the machine is to make fire hose, analogous tubing, belting and tubular fabrics constructed of laminated-cohesive-inter'Wound members With varying limits of elasticity continuously upon a series of preferably steel mandrels or mandrel sections which are joined together end to end as greater` length of mandrel is required, and are forced longitudinally through the machine at a predetermined rate of speed relative, to the speed of the Winding devices.

The mandrels A, A, are tubular and of the diameter of the internal diameter of the hose or tubular fabric it is desired to construct thereon, and are secured together by means of plugs A', A each of which isA provided with a key A2 on each end adapted to fit two diametrically opposite key Ways A3 in each end of the mandrels, which are bored out to receive the plugs and are perfectly cylindrical and highly polished. Each plug 1s provided with an enlarged central cylin- The length of the hose thus formed upon each mandrel is then approximately the length required for that hose. 'The length illustrated is for a brake hose or analogous tubing upto 11ginches inside diameter and approximately 22 inches long.

In Fig. 4 one mandrel is shown after it has been detached from the accompanying mandrels, and the ends closed so that the fabric can be vulcanized. In this ligure A3, A3 are closures for the inner opening spaced from each end and provided with screw threaded openings A3 A3. One end of each mandrel is closed before vulcanizing by means of a screw threaded rod A10 screwed into one of the closures A3, and passing through a ianged plug A11. The flange A12 of which covers that end of the mandrel and supports a washer or cap A13 of rubber. A flanged ring A13 is next employed to extend over the endof the fabric, and the unvulcanized rubber washer or cap A11 is A5 on the plug, and is of the Width of the.

rubber washer A11 at its outer edge. A ring AA13 is sleeved over the outer end of the plug and is attached to the plug by means of a set screw A20, a nut A21 on the rod A17 and washer A22 nallysecure the parts together for vulcanizing. The ring A10 compresses the rubber washer upon the end of the hose so that the ends of hose are sealed at this end with rubber. The similar ring A13 at the other end has the same function. To permit the stripping of the hose from the mandrel by means of air gaseous or Huid pressure applied between the hose and mandrel each plug A is externally grooved at A2A1 for the passage of lcompressed air, an annular external groove A25 permits Ithe air to circulate around the plug, and it passes around the end of the mandrel where the clamping ring R prevents it from escaping at adjustable rolls C, C, C., forming a three l point roller support and mounted upon brackets or stands C', C', C", conveniently spaced in the machine. The mandrels are propelled by means of horizontal propelling .rolls B2, B2, keyed to vertical shafts B3, B3.

These shafts are rotatably mounted upon pivotal arms B1, B5, and are actuated by spur gears BG B3 engaging with spur gears B7 B3, one of which B7 is rotatably mounted upon a vertical stud B10 and intermeshes with the gear B8 which is keyed to a vertical shaft B3 mountedin bearings B11 in a bracket or stand B12 and shaft B3 carries at itslower end a miter gear B13 engaging a miter gear B11 on the horizontal shaft B15 rotatably mounted on the stand B12 and adjacent stands B50. The pivotal arms B4 and B5 which support thel rollers B2, B2 are mounted on the vertical stud B10 and vertical shaft B9 respectively, and pressure is maintained to u'keep the rollers B2 B2. in engagement with the mandrels by means of the rod B13 pivoted at B1? in one of the arms, and engaging the other arm by means of the spring B17 the pressure of which is made adjustable by means of the nuts B13 upon the screw threaded outer extremity of the arm. The arm B5 can be rigidly secured in any desired portion by means of the bolt B13 and slot B13. The mandrels are thus propelled by means of the rolls B2, B2 which move in opposite directions through the agency of the gearing described, and the actuating shaft B15 receives its power through a train of gears operatively connecting it with the driving shaft B13 which are shown to be as follows. A bevel gear B20 mounted on the shaft B15 and driven by a bevel'pinion B21 and a train of spur gears B22 B23 B24 rotatably mounted upon a bracket or stand B25 and a; pinion B23 upon the extremity of the friction shaft B27 upon whichis secured a vertical friction disk B23. A friction roll B23 adjustably mounted upon the driving shaft B13 drives the friction disk B23. The friction roll B23 is slidingly mounted on its shaft and' is adjusted in position by means of a fork B30 which is provided with pins B31 B31 carrying rolls B32 B32 which engage in an annular slot B33 in the sleeve B31 upon which the friction roll B23 is mounted. This fork is mounted upon a screw shaft B35 which in turn is rotatably mounted in bearings B33 in arms upon the 'caps B37 of the bearings for the driving shaft. This screw shaft is rotated by means of a hand wheel or crank B33 to place the friction roll in any desired position.v Driving pulleys B33 and idler B10 are shown on the driving shaft and a belt shifter B31 is shown in Figs. 5 and 7.

In Figs. 10 and 11 are shown upper and lower adjustable pressure rollers B12 adapt,- ed to engage the mandrel at diametrically opposite points and to prevent the mandrel from rotating on its axis. Placed wherever convenient through the machine are the supporting stands C C for the mandrel, upon which the guiding and supporting rolls C, C are positioned. Any desired' pressure suf-l ficient to keep the mandrel from turning on its longitudinal axis can be obtained by means of screws B15. The rolls C, C, are preferably three in number and are regularly spaced about the mandrel. The rolls C, C, in the first three standards or frames are adapted to grip .the mandrel under heavy pressure so as to assist the vertical rolls B12 in preventing the mandrel from turning as it is propelled through the machine; for this reason they with the rolls B42 are preferably formed of wood fiber C2 or some material which will not abrade the mandrel when under pressure. They are also a little more concave on their edges than the others so as to obtain a better grip as shown in Fig. 14./ The rollers upon the other standards can be made of aluminum or other material not adhesive to rubber. The lower roller is centrallyV mounted underneath the mandrel and is spring pressed and adjustable. The other rollers are adjustable only. The manner of mounting the lower roller is shown in Fig. 16 where C3 is a screw threaded bushing which is clamped in the split boss C1 of the standard C. The roller C is mounted in a fork C5 the stem of which is inserted in the bushing and is pressed by the spring C3. The fork and roller can turn automatically to adjust the roller to the mandrel. The other two rollers are mounted in forks C1, C1 which are inserted in bushings C8, C3 clamped in split bosses C3 C9 and the stems C10 of the forks C7 are prevented from turning by,

means of conical shaped pins C11 screw threaded at C12 inserted in the split extremities' C13 of the stems. The roller forks for the rollers in all the standards except the first three are similarly mounted to the one shown in Fig. 15 and the rolls are preferably formed of aluminum. j

Figs 1, 12 and 13T) isal reservoir for powdered soap stone or other suitable substance through which the mandrels pass and by means of` which they are treated to prevent the rubber from sticking thereto. D, D are stuffing boxes one yof which is shown in section. In each of the glands a packing material D3 is employed. The packing at the inlet end is more compact than at the outlet end, since at the inlet end the packing should serve to clean and brighten the mandrel and at the outlet end merely serves to retain the powdered soap stone or other substance and to distribute it evenly over the surface of the mandrel.

In Figs. 17 to 9.5 inclusive is shown the mechanism for applying the rubber or other lining to the mandrel prior to applying the fabric bands thereto. In these views H is f the rubber band formed of calendered unvulcanized rubber. This band is wound together with its protecting band H of Holland cloth or other non-adhesive materialupon a reel H2. The rubber band passes under an idler pulley H3 and thence over a flanged guiding pulley H1 to the mandrel. The Holland cloth after passing over the pulley H1 separates from the rubber band and is pulled between the rolls H5 and HG and isV wound upon a spool H7. This is accomplished by means of gears H8 and H3 on the respective shafts H1o and H11. The shaft H10 is driven by bevel gears H12 and H13 and the bevel gear shaft B15. The rubber band is pressed against the lower surface of the mandrel byA means of a roller H19 and. is turned up at its edges by means of a grooved roller H11 which also presses it against the lower surface of the mandrel; The axis of the spool H7 is provided with a radially movable spring pressed key H24 made adjustable by a screw H25 to exert adjustable pressure on the body of the reel. This pro vides a friction drive which allows the spool to slip as the diameter of the roll of Holland cloth increases thereon. The shafts H1c and H17 of these rollers are eccentrically mounted in their bearings so that the necessary amount of pressure can be provided for. As the mandrel is propelled these rollers will rotate. A pair of vertical grooved rollers H13, H13 further form the rubber around the mandrel, and next a spring pressed roller H19 presses the rubber against the lower surface of the mandrel and tends to stretch it upward tightly around the mandrel, and the inclosure .of the mandrel by the rubber is completed by means of a series of angularly disposed rollers H20 which have adjustable stems H21, and are provided with curved engaging edges, which stretch and form the rubber around the mandrel. The edges of the rubber lining have beveled edges which overlap as shown in Figs. 21 and 22, and a vertical spring pressed roller H22 seals the vedges together. A standard H23 supports the described rollers. The edges of the rubber lining are beveled for the purpose of obtaining a perfect adhesion and uniform thickness of the lining around the mandrel.

In Figs. 1 and 2 are illustrated the general features of construction, arrangement land mode of operation of the machine, showing the relative positions of the members in the machine to each other, and their manner of coperation to produce the required tubular fabric. In these figures the' connected 

